Cowrie commonly refers to the external shell of sea animal Cyprea moneta (commonly known as money cowry) found in coastal areas of the Indo-Pacific sea. In ancient times, cowries were used as money. They are also used for making ornaments. Chemically, it is Carbonate of Calcium.
In Ayurveda, Cowrie is known by many names such as Varata, Varatika, Kapardik, Kapardika etc. They are mainly of three types based on colour red, white and yellow. The one which has yellowish tinge, nodules on the back and oval in shape is called Varatika and used for medicinal purpose.
In Ayurveda, Varatika is used as a powder obtained by calcination of cowries. It is known as Kapardak Bhasma.It a mineral drug of animal origin. It has antacid, alterative, diuretic, anti-diarrheic, digestive and expectorant properties.
Kapardi (Varatika) Bhasma is used in treatment of Indigestion, Dyspepsia, Abdominal Pain, Peptic Ulcer, Sprue Syndrome, Intestinal tuberculosis, Cataract, Otorrhea, Enlarged spleen, liver, Asthma and Cough.
It is also used externally as caustic in various forms of ointments.
